How are genetically modified organisms (GMOs) defined?

Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) are defined as organisms whose genetic material has been altered in ways that do not occur naturally. This means that through various biotechnological techniques, scientists can insert, delete, or modify genes in these organisms to achieve specific traits or characteristics. These modifications can enhance agricultural productivity, increase resistance to pests or diseases, or improve nutritional content, which highlights the practical applications of GMOs in various fields, especially agriculture.

Understanding GMOs in this way is crucial for discussions surrounding food security, environmental impact, and biotechnology. The other definitions do not accurately capture the essence of what defines GMOs. For example, organisms that remain completely unchanged from their wild form would not be considered genetically modified at all. Similarly, organisms that have undergone natural selection are simply evolving as part of their environment and do not involve human intervention in the way GMOs do. Bred organisms for aesthetic purposes would not encompass the broader applications and implications of genetic modification seen in crops or livestock. Thus, the designation of GMOs is specifically tied to human-driven genetic modifications that are not part of the natural evolutionary process.