Why is biodiversity important for ecosystems?

Biodiversity is crucial for ecosystems because it enhances ecosystem stability and provides essential services that are vital for the survival of all living organisms. A diverse array of species contributes to the resilience of ecological systems, allowing them to better withstand environmental stressors such as climate change, pollution, and habitat destruction.

When various species coexist, they can fulfill different roles in the ecosystem, such as pollination, nutrient cycling, and pest control. This functional diversity ensures that even if some species are affected by changes or threats, others can perform similar roles, leading to a more robust ecosystem. Additionally, ecosystems with high biodiversity are generally more productive and can provide a broader range of services including clean air and water, soil fertility, and food resources.

In contrast, the other options do not accurately reflect the benefits of biodiversity. Monoculture practices, for example, reduce biodiversity and often lead to greater vulnerability to pests and diseases. Limiting ecological interactions would undermine the very connections that are necessary for ecosystem health and functionality, while restricting species interactions can stifle the cooperative relationships that are essential for thriving ecosystems. Thus, recognizing and promoting biodiversity is key to sustaining healthy ecosystems and their services.